Investing term

What is Investor protection scheme?

A legally-mandated fund that reimburses retail clients (up to a cap) if a regulated broker fails.

An investor protection scheme is a legally mandated fund that reimburses retail clients, up to a cap, if a regulated broker fails or misappropriates their assets. It's a backstop: if the firm holding your money goes under or is found to have stolen client assets, the scheme steps in to compensate you within its limit.

Crucially, it protects against the firm failing — not against your investments falling in value. Market losses are your own risk to bear; the scheme covers the specific danger of the custodian collapsing or committing fraud. It's a key reason to use brokers covered by a recognised scheme in a strong jurisdiction, because unregulated offshore brokers typically offer no such protection at all — which is exactly the risk they carry.

A backstop if the broker fails
A backstop if a regulated broker collapses or misuses assetsBroker failsor misuses assetsProtection schemereimburses up to a capYou're repaidCovers firm failure, not market losses — and only regulated brokers are covered.

If a regulated broker collapses or misuses client assets, an investor-protection scheme reimburses you up to a cap. It covers firm failure, not market losses — and only regulated brokers qualify.

For example

A regulated broker collapses; because it's covered by an investor-protection scheme, your eligible assets are reimbursed up to the scheme's cap — a backstop an offshore broker wouldn't provide.

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Why it matters to you

Investor protection schemes matter because they're a major part of what makes trusting a broker with your savings reasonable. The knowledge that a recognised scheme would reimburse you (up to a cap) if the firm failed is a genuine safety net that unregulated platforms lack. Checking that a broker is covered — and understanding the scheme protects against firm failure, not market losses — is a basic, high-value safeguard when choosing where to hold your money.

Expecting it to cover market losses

An investor-protection scheme reimburses you if the broker fails or steals assets — not if your investments simply fall in value. Some investors wrongly believe the scheme protects them from losing money in the market. It doesn't: market risk is yours to bear. The scheme covers the failure of the custodian, up to its cap, and nothing more.

Frequently asked questions

What is an investor protection scheme?

It's a legally mandated fund that compensates retail clients, up to a cap, if a regulated broker fails or misappropriates their assets. It acts as a backstop against the firm holding your money collapsing or committing fraud — though it doesn't cover ordinary investment losses from market moves.

Does investor protection cover investment losses?

No. It protects against the broker failing or misusing your assets, not against your investments falling in value. If the market drops and your portfolio loses value, that's your risk to bear. The scheme steps in only if the regulated firm itself collapses or defrauds clients, up to its cap.

How do I know if my broker is covered?

Check that the broker is regulated by a recognised authority and a member of the relevant investor-protection scheme — this is usually stated on the broker's site and verifiable on the regulator's register. Unregulated or offshore brokers typically aren't covered, which is a key risk of using them.

Related terms

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